Antifragile
System or entity that not only resists stress and uncertainty but actually thrives and grows stronger under challenging conditions.
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Origin
Coined by Nassim Nicholas Taleb as a deliberate neologism in Antifragile: Things That Gain from Disorder (2012), the fourth volume of his Incerto series. Taleb invented the word because English had no opposite for "fragile" — "robust" resists stress, "resilient" recovers from it, but antifragile describes what improves because of it. He had previewed the concept in the second edition of The Black Swan (2010) before formalising it with its own vocabulary.
Updated February 22, 2026